Introduction and above Error tolerance

Hi all,

I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went through the
whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr undergraduate at
Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr Project on
Single leg landing.

I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to study the
Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit Vaughan Markers
as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and subsitute
the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i wish to run
kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the joint
constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.

Best Regards
Eugene Yang

Hi Eugene

Welcome to the group.
Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you track your
markers and in what direction you track them. How does it look when
you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at all?
you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some tolerance,
then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix it.
Hope it helped a bit?

Best regards
Christian, AnyBody Support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@…> wrote:
>
> Hi all,
>
> I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went through the
> whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr undergraduate at
> Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr Project on
> Single leg landing.
>
> I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to study the
> Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit Vaughan Markers
> as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and subsitute
> the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i wish to run
> kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the joint
> constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
>
> Best Regards
> Eugene Yang
>

Hi Christian,

Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy of
Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem running
the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of Gait3D as
my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.

The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg squat
jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like a single
leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i used was
when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.

I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of AnyMan.any, and
removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure how come
my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The axis i
used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data. When i
include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have a lot of
error regarding the muscle length.

My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.

Best Regards,

Eugene Yang

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene
>
> Welcome to the group.
> Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you track your
> markers and in what direction you track them. How does it look when
> you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at all?
> you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some tolerance,
> then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix it.
> Hope it helped a bit?
>
> Best regards
> Christian, AnyBody Support
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
wrote:
> >
> > Hi all,
> >
> > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went through
the
> > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
undergraduate at
> > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr
Project on
> > Single leg landing.
> >
> > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to study
the
> > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit Vaughan
Markers
> > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and
subsitute
> > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i wish
to run
> > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the
joint
> > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> >
> > Best Regards
> > Eugene Yang
> >
>

Hi Eugene Yang

Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It does run but
do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on. If you
change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run SetInitialConditions and
you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made all the
measured markers gray right? and some you made lines between the mocap
and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a scaling
problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap person. I see
you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to scale,
instead try to use BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps you to move
one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.

Best regards
Christian, AnyBody Support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@…> wrote:
>
>
> Hi Christian,
>
> Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy of
> Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem running
> the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of Gait3D as
> my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
>
> The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg squat
> jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like a single
> leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i used was
> when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
>
> I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of AnyMan.any, and
> removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure how come
> my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The axis i
> used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data. When i
> include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have a lot of
> error regarding the muscle length.
>
> My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
>
> Best Regards,
>
> Eugene Yang
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Eugene
> >
> > Welcome to the group.
> > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you track your
> > markers and in what direction you track them. How does it look when
> > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at all?
> > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some tolerance,
> > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix it.
> > Hope it helped a bit?
> >
> > Best regards
> > Christian, AnyBody Support
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi all,
> > >
> > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went through
> the
> > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
> undergraduate at
> > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr
> Project on
> > > Single leg landing.
> > >
> > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to study
> the
> > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit Vaughan
> Markers
> > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and
> subsitute
> > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i wish
> to run
> > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the
> joint
> > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > >
> > > Best Regards
> > > Eugene Yang
> > >
> >
>

Christian:

I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the LengthMass
or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform scaling. But, I
got problem when switch from Uniform to LengthMass or LengthMassFat
scaling. I got error messages:

C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any(203) :
Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
OOSol exception : General factorization exception : Negative or
zero pivot

It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative fiber
length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot figure out the
problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different scalings.
It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat scaling.

Regards,

John

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…> wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene Yang
>
> Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It does run but
> do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on. If you
> change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run SetInitialConditions and
> you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made all the
> measured markers gray right? and some you made lines between the mocap
> and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a scaling
> problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap person. I see
> you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to scale,
> instead try to use BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps you to move
> one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.
>
> Best regards
> Christian, AnyBody Support
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> >
> >
> > Hi Christian,
> >
> > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy of
> > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem running
> > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of Gait3D as
> > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> >
> > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg squat
> > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like a single
> > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i used was
> > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> >
> > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of AnyMan.any, and
> > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure how come
> > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The axis i
> > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data. When i
> > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have a lot of
> > error regarding the muscle length.
> >
> > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> >
> > Best Regards,
> >
> > Eugene Yang
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Eugene
> > >
> > > Welcome to the group.
> > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you track your
> > > markers and in what direction you track them. How does it look when
> > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at all?
> > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some tolerance,
> > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix it.
> > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi all,
> > > >
> > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went through
> > the
> > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
> > undergraduate at
> > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr
> > Project on
> > > > Single leg landing.
> > > >
> > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to study
> > the
> > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit Vaughan
> > Markers
> > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and
> > subsitute
> > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i wish
> > to run
> > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the
> > joint
> > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > > >
> > > > Best Regards
> > > > Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

Hi Christian,

Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray markers are what i
obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt Van. Markers. I redo
the model again with only the right leg and the then both leg. I manage to
run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few problems. Both of
them i used uniform scaling.

For the Single Leg:

  1. The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers

For the two leg model:

  1. The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the drivers.

  2. I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the error msg:
    Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol : OOSol exception
    : General factorization exception : Negative or zero pivot.

  3. I can only run the no muscle model with uniform scaling. When i applied
    the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes very large.

Thanks

Best Regards
Eugene Yang

>From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@cdc.gov>
>Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
>To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
>Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error tolerance
>Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
>
>Christian:
>
>I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the LengthMass
>or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform scaling. But, I
>got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass or LengthM
>scaling. I got error messages:
>
>C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any(203) :
> Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> OOSol exception : General factorization exception : Negative or
>zero pivot
>
>It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative fiber
>length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot figure out the
>problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different scalings.
>It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat scaling.
>
>Regards,
>
>John
>
>
>— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Eugene Yang
> >
> > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It does run but
> > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on. If you
> > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run SetInitialConditions and
> > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made all the
> > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines between the mocap
> > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a scaling
> > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap person. I see
> > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to scale,
> > instead try to use BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps you to move
> > one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.
> >
> > Best regards
> > Christian, AnyBody Support
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > > Hi Christian,
> > >
> > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy of
> > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem running
> > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of Gait3D as
> > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > >
> > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg squat
> > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like a single
> > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i used was
> > > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> > >
> > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of AnyMan.any, and
> > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure how come
> > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The axis i
> > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data. When i
> > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have a lot of
> > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > >
> > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > >
> > > Best Regards,
> > >
> > > Eugene Yang
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Eugene
> > > >
> > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you track your
> > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How does it look when
> > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at all?
> > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some tolerance,
> > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix it.
> > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > >
> > > > Best regards
> > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi all,
> > > > >
> > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went through
> > > the
> > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
> > > undergraduate at
> > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr
> > > Project on
> > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > >
> > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to study
> > > the
> > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit Vaughan
> > > Markers
> > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and
> > > subsitute
> > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i wish
> > > to run
> > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the
> > > joint
> > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>
>


http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?source=hmtextlinkjuly07

Hi John

This error is related to the muscle wrapping of the iliopsoas muscle,
it has failed to solve the wrapping.

Apparently the change of the scaling triggers this error, it might be
due to small changes in the scaling of the muscle attachment point, or
the geometry that the muscle is wrapping on.

The remedy is ususally to increase the SPLine.StringMesh property of
this muscle, adding ten more points will usually do the trick.

Best regards
Søren, AnyBody support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “johnzengwu” <jwu@…> wrote:
>
> Christian:
>
> I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the LengthMass
> or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform scaling. But, I
> got problem when switch from Uniform to LengthMass or LengthMassFat
> scaling. I got error messages:
>
> C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
(203) :
> Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> OOSol exception : General factorization exception : Negative or
> zero pivot
>
> It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative fiber
> length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot figure out the
> problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different scalings.
> It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat scaling.
>
> Regards,
>
> John
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Eugene Yang
> >
> > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It does run
but
> > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on. If you
> > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run SetInitialConditions
and
> > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made all the
> > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines between the
mocap
> > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a scaling
> > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap person. I
see
> > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to scale,
> > instead try to use BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any
which
> > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps you to
move
> > one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.
> >
> > Best regards
> > Christian, AnyBody Support
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > > Hi Christian,
> > >
> > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy of
> > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem
running
> > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of Gait3D
as
> > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > >
> > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg
squat
> > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like a
single
> > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i used
was
> > > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> > >
> > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of AnyMan.any, and
> > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure how
come
> > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The axis i
> > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data. When i
> > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have a
lot of
> > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > >
> > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > >
> > > Best Regards,
> > >
> > > Eugene Yang
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Eugene
> > > >
> > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you track
your
> > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How does it look
when
> > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at all?
> > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some
tolerance,
> > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix it.
> > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > >
> > > > Best regards
> > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
<eugeneyang40@>
> > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi all,
> > > > >
> > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went
through
> > > the
> > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
> > > undergraduate at
> > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final Yr
> > > Project on
> > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > >
> > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start to
study
> > > the
> > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit
Vaughan
> > > Markers
> > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys and
> > > subsitute
> > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when i
wish
> > > to run
> > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for the
> > > joint
> > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

Hi Eugene

Here are some answers to your questions:

1 If you have not done modifications to the original
JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X direction of the
thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh. If the
knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due to
kinematics other places in the model. If for example the legs are
too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will only do
this for the x dierection, the y and z directions are “free”. These
are determined by the other markers, the human joint and the
segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.

So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments lenghts are
ok, and if the marker locations used in your data corresponds to the
actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check is to
find two markers on the same segment and check the distance between
these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model, these
should match resonable well.

Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to the way
it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring positions of
the segments are important. These are controlled through the
mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any” file are
only important for the first kinematic step

2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the previous
message

3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of the
model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically a change
in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy is to look
at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial positions,

I hope this helps you move on.

Otherwise please write gain.

Best regards
Søren, AnyBody support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang” <eugeneyang40@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Christian,
>
> Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray markers are
what i
> obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt Van.
Markers. I redo
> the model again with only the right leg and the then both leg. I
manage to
> run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
problems. Both of
> them i used uniform scaling.
>
> For the Single Leg:
>
> 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
>
> For the two leg model:
>
> 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the drivers.
>
> 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the error
msg:
> Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol : OOSol
exception
> : General factorization exception : Negative or zero pivot.
>
> 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform scaling. When i
applied
> the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes very large.
>
> Thanks
>
> Best Regards
> Eugene Yang
>
> >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@…>
> >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error tolerance
> >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> >
> >Christian:
> >
> >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the
LengthMass
> >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform scaling.
But, I
> >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass or
LengthM
> >scaling. I got error messages:
> >
> >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
(203) :
> > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> > OOSol exception : General factorization exception : Negative
or
> >zero pivot
> >
> >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative fiber
> >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot figure out
the
> >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different
scalings.
> >It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat
scaling.
> >
> >Regards,
> >
> >John
> >
> >
> >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > >
> > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It does
run but
> > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on. If
you
> > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
SetInitialConditions and
> > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made all
the
> > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines between
the mocap
> > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a
scaling
> > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap person.
I see
> > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to scale,
> > > instead try to use
BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps you
to move
> > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
<eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Hi Christian,
> > > >
> > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy of
> > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem
running
> > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of
Gait3D as
> > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > >
> > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg
squat
> > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like
a single
> > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i
used was
> > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> > > >
> > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of AnyMan.any,
and
> > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure
how come
> > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The
axis i
> > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data. When
i
> > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have
a lot of
> > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > >
> > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > >
> > > > Best Regards,
> > > >
> > > > Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
<support@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > >
> > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you
track your
> > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How does it
look when
> > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at
all?
> > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some
tolerance,
> > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix
it.
> > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > >
> > > > > Best regards
> > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
<eugeneyang40@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went
through
> > > > the
> > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
> > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final
Yr
> > > > Project on
> > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start
to study
> > > > the
> > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit
Vaughan
> > > > Markers
> > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys
and
> > > > subsitute
> > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But when
i wish
> > > > to run
> > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance for
the
> > > > joint
> > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
> >
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?source=hmtextlinkjuly07
>

Hi Soren,

I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single leg
landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in Gait3D. I
still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers. I try
the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For the
iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to about 130
before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my model. I
also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to measure the
joint force.

For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to be set? I
understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and the index
at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type consider my
experiment subject is an athlete.

Thank you.

Regards
Eugene Yang

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene
>
> Here are some answers to your questions:
>
> 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X direction of
the
> thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh. If the
> knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due to
> kinematics other places in the model. If for example the legs are
> too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will only do
> this for the x dierection, the y and z directions are “free”. These
> are determined by the other markers, the human joint and the
> segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.
>
> So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments lenghts are
> ok, and if the marker locations used in your data corresponds to
the
> actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check is to
> find two markers on the same segment and check the distance between
> these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model, these
> should match resonable well.
>
> Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to the way
> it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring positions of
> the segments are important. These are controlled through the
> mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any” file are
> only important for the first kinematic step
>
> 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the previous
> message
>
> 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of the
> model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically a change
> in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy is to
look
> at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial positions,
>
> I hope this helps you move on.
>
> Otherwise please write gain.
>
> Best regards
> Søren, AnyBody support
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang” <eugeneyang40@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Christian,
> >
> > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray markers are
> what i
> > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt Van.
> Markers. I redo
> > the model again with only the right leg and the then both leg. I
> manage to
> > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
> problems. Both of
> > them i used uniform scaling.
> >
> > For the Single Leg:
> >
> > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> >
> > For the two leg model:
> >
> > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the drivers.
> >
> > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the error
> msg:
> > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol : OOSol
> exception
> > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero pivot.
> >
> > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform scaling. When
i
> applied
> > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes very large.
> >
> > Thanks
> >
> > Best Regards
> > Eugene Yang
> >
> > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error tolerance
> > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > >
> > >Christian:
> > >
> > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the
> LengthMass
> > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform scaling.
> But, I
> > >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass or
> LengthM
> > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > >
> > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> (203) :
> > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception : Negative
> or
> > >zero pivot
> > >
> > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative
fiber
> > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot figure
out
> the
> > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different
> scalings.
> > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat
> scaling.
> > >
> > >Regards,
> > >
> > >John
> > >
> > >
> > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It
does
> run but
> > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on. If
> you
> > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> SetInitialConditions and
> > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made all
> the
> > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines between
> the mocap
> > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a
> scaling
> > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap
person.
> I see
> > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to
scale,
> > > > instead try to use
> BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps you
> to move
> > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.
> > > >
> > > > Best regards
> > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of the “Copy
of
> > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have problem
> running
> > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as of
> Gait3D as
> > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > >
> > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double leg
> squat
> > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is like
> a single
> > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data i
> used was
> > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> > > > >
> > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
AnyMan.any,
> and
> > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not sure
> how come
> > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model. The
> axis i
> > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data.
When
> i
> > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it have
> a lot of
> > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > >
> > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > >
> > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> <support@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how you
> track your
> > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How does it
> look when
> > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it at
> all?
> > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow some
> tolerance,
> > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then fix
> it.
> > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > >
> > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I went
> through
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th yr
> > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my Final
> Yr
> > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a start
> to study
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of Kit
> Vaughan
> > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with Qualisys
> and
> > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But
when
> i wish
> > > > > to run
> > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance
for
> the
> > > > > joint
> > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> > _________________________________________________________________
> > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> >
>

Hi Eugene

I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by making
changes to the following files

JointAndDrivers.any
Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D model.
I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able to apply
drivers on the knees.
Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the ankles
sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.

KitVaughanMakers.any
I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit upward

AnyMan.any
The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit

MyLanding2L.Main.any
Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is being used.

I will upload the model shortly

After having seen the motion i think the problem of the illiopsoas
muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde” of the
cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may require
more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to make the
cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the cylinder
edge is avoided.

This can be done in the file
Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by multiplying
the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using the
other muscle model this should also be done in that root file.

For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by adjusting
this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If your
subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The reason why
the leg is different from the other body parts is that in the legs
we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in the other
body parts we use PSCA * Stress.

I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!

Best regards
Søren , AnyBody support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Soren,
>
> I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single leg
> landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in Gait3D. I
> still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers. I try
> the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For the
> iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to about
130
> before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my
model. I
> also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to measure
the
> joint force.
>
> For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to be set?
I
> understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and the
index
> at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type consider my
> experiment subject is an athlete.
>
> Thank you.
>
> Regards
> Eugene Yang
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Eugene
> >
> > Here are some answers to your questions:
> >
> > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X direction of
> the
> > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh. If the
> > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due to
> > kinematics other places in the model. If for example the legs
are
> > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will only
do
> > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions are “free”.
These
> > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and the
> > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.
> >
> > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments lenghts
are
> > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data corresponds to
> the
> > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check is
to
> > find two markers on the same segment and check the distance
between
> > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model, these
> > should match resonable well.
> >
> > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to the
way
> > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring positions
of
> > the segments are important. These are controlled through the
> > mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any” file
are
> > only important for the first kinematic step
> >
> > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the previous
> > message
> >
> > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of the
> > model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically a
change
> > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy is to
> look
> > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial positions,
> >
> > I hope this helps you move on.
> >
> > Otherwise please write gain.
> >
> > Best regards
> > Søren, AnyBody support
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang” <eugeneyang40@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Christian,
> > >
> > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray markers
are
> > what i
> > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt Van.
> > Markers. I redo
> > > the model again with only the right leg and the then both
leg. I
> > manage to
> > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
> > problems. Both of
> > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > >
> > > For the Single Leg:
> > >
> > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > >
> > > For the two leg model:
> > >
> > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the
drivers.
> > >
> > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the
error
> > msg:
> > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
OOSol
> > exception
> > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero pivot.
> > >
> > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform scaling.
When
> i
> > applied
> > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes very
large.
> > >
> > > Thanks
> > >
> > > Best Regards
> > > Eugene Yang
> > >
> > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
tolerance
> > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > >
> > > >Christian:
> > > >
> > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the
> > LengthMass
> > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform scaling.
> > But, I
> > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass or
> > LengthM
> > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > >
> > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > (203) :
> > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> > > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception :
Negative
> > or
> > > >zero pivot
> > > >
> > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative
> fiber
> > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot figure
> out
> > the
> > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different
> > scalings.
> > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat
> > scaling.
> > > >
> > > >Regards,
> > > >
> > > >John
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
<support@>
> > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It
> does
> > run but
> > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on.
If
> > you
> > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made
all
> > the
> > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines
between
> > the mocap
> > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have a
> > scaling
> > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap
> person.
> > I see
> > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to
> scale,
> > > > > instead try to use
> > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps
you
> > to move
> > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write again.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best regards
> > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
the “Copy
> of
> > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have
problem
> > running
> > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as
of
> > Gait3D as
> > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double
leg
> > squat
> > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is
like
> > a single
> > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The data
i
> > used was
> > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> AnyMan.any,
> > and
> > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not
sure
> > how come
> > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model.
The
> > axis i
> > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data.
> When
> > i
> > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it
have
> > a lot of
> > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > <support@>
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how
you
> > track your
> > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How does
it
> > look when
> > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it
at
> > all?
> > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow
some
> > tolerance,
> > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then
fix
> > it.
> > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I
went
> > through
> > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th
yr
> > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my
Final
> > Yr
> > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a
start
> > to study
> > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of
Kit
> > Vaughan
> > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with
Qualisys
> > and
> > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But
> when
> > i wish
> > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error tolerance
> for
> > the
> > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this problem.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > >


> > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > >
> >
>

Hi Soren,

Thanks for the help. It seem to be moving fine. Regarding the
StrengthParameters, how do i know that the Strength indexLeg is
correct and what value should i set for SpecificMuscleTensionSpine
and SpecificMuscleTensionShoulderArm.

Actually I wanted to use this model for different subjects, but i
guess i must customize each model for different subject right? This
movement of this model was actually done by me. If I wish to do a
female athlete, I must amend the Segment Length in AnyMan.any or use
AnyArne.any right? I just wish to check for the ThinghLength,
ShankLength and FootLength and PelvisWidth, how should the
measurement be taken? So that i can get a more accurate SegmentLength.

Thank you.

Best Regards

Eugene

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene
>
> I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by making
> changes to the following files
>
> JointAndDrivers.any
> Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D model.
> I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able to
apply
> drivers on the knees.
> Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the ankles
> sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.
>
>
> KitVaughanMakers.any
> I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit upward
>
> AnyMan.any
> The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit
>
> MyLanding2L.Main.any
> Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
> Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is being used.
>
> I will upload the model shortly
>
> After having seen the motion i think the problem of the illiopsoas
> muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde” of the
> cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may require
> more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to make the
> cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the cylinder
> edge is avoided.
>
> This can be done in the file
> Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by
multiplying
> the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using the
> other muscle model this should also be done in that root file.
>
>
> For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by adjusting
> this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If your
> subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The reason
why
> the leg is different from the other body parts is that in the legs
> we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in the other
> body parts we use PSCA * Stress.
>
> I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!
>
> Best regards
> Søren , AnyBody support
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Soren,
> >
> > I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single leg
> > landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in Gait3D. I
> > still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers. I
try
> > the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For the
> > iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to about
> 130
> > before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my
> model. I
> > also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to measure
> the
> > joint force.
> >
> > For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to be
set?
> I
> > understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and the
> index
> > at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type consider my
> > experiment subject is an athlete.
> >
> > Thank you.
> >
> > Regards
> > Eugene Yang
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Eugene
> > >
> > > Here are some answers to your questions:
> > >
> > > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X direction
of
> > the
> > > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh. If
the
> > > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due to
> > > kinematics other places in the model. If for example the legs
> are
> > > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will only
> do
> > > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions are “free”.
> These
> > > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and the
> > > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.
> > >
> > > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments lenghts
> are
> > > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data corresponds
to
> > the
> > > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check is
> to
> > > find two markers on the same segment and check the distance
> between
> > > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model,
these
> > > should match resonable well.
> > >
> > > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to the
> way
> > > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring positions
> of
> > > the segments are important. These are controlled through the
> > > mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any” file
> are
> > > only important for the first kinematic step
> > >
> > > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the previous
> > > message
> > >
> > > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of the
> > > model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically a
> change
> > > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy is to
> > look
> > > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial positions,
> > >
> > > I hope this helps you move on.
> > >
> > > Otherwise please write gain.
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > > Søren, AnyBody support
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang” <eugeneyang40@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Christian,
> > > >
> > > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray markers
> are
> > > what i
> > > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt Van.
> > > Markers. I redo
> > > > the model again with only the right leg and the then both
> leg. I
> > > manage to
> > > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
> > > problems. Both of
> > > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > > >
> > > > For the Single Leg:
> > > >
> > > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > > >
> > > > For the two leg model:
> > > >
> > > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the
> drivers.
> > > >
> > > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the
> error
> > > msg:
> > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> OOSol
> > > exception
> > > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero pivot.
> > > >
> > > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform scaling.
> When
> > i
> > > applied
> > > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes very
> large.
> > > >
> > > > Thanks
> > > >
> > > > Best Regards
> > > > Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
> tolerance
> > > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > > >
> > > > >Christian:
> > > > >
> > > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that the
> > > LengthMass
> > > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform
scaling.
> > > But, I
> > > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass or
> > > LengthM
> > > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > > >
> > > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6
\BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > > (203) :
> > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library OOSol :
> > > > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception :
> Negative
> > > or
> > > > >zero pivot
> > > > >
> > > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or negative
> > fiber
> > > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot
figure
> > out
> > > the
> > > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply different
> > > scalings.
> > > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or LengthMassFat
> > > scaling.
> > > > >
> > > > >Regards,
> > > > >
> > > > >John
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> <support@>
> > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look. It
> > does
> > > run but
> > > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set on.
> If
> > > you
> > > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You made
> all
> > > the
> > > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines
> between
> > > the mocap
> > > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you have
a
> > > scaling
> > > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap
> > person.
> > > I see
> > > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way to
> > scale,
> > > > > > instead try to use
> > > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it helps
> you
> > > to move
> > > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write
again.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
> the “Copy
> > of
> > > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have
> problem
> > > running
> > > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data as
> of
> > > Gait3D as
> > > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a double
> leg
> > > squat
> > > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing is
> like
> > > a single
> > > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The
data
> i
> > > used was
> > > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the squat.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> > AnyMan.any,
> > > and
> > > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not
> sure
> > > how come
> > > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my model.
> The
> > > axis i
> > > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys data.
> > When
> > > i
> > > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test it
> have
> > > a lot of
> > > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > <support@>
> > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on how
> you
> > > track your
> > > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How
does
> it
> > > look when
> > > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run it
> at
> > > all?
> > > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow
> some
> > > tolerance,
> > > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and then
> fix
> > > it.
> > > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago. I
> went
> > > through
> > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a 4th
> yr
> > > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing my
> Final
> > > Yr
> > > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as a
> start
> > > to study
> > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position of
> Kit
> > > Vaughan
> > > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with
> Qualisys
> > > and
> > > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model. But
> > when
> > > i wish
> > > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error
tolerance
> > for
> > > the
> > > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this
problem.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> _________________________________________________________________
> > > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

Hi Eugene

It is difficult to say what the exact number should be for the
IndexLeg, if your subject was an athlet. If you increase the
strenght of the legs by a cetain pertcentage i think you should
increase the SpecificMuscleTensions by the same amount. As i recall
the numbers from your model the activty was around 1.6 so increasing
by 60% would be a guess. As long that you scale the individual body
parts by the same amount the only difference it will make on the
results is that it will change the activity level. The shape of the
curves will remain the same.

The best way to make the model and the subject fit in terms of
strength, would be to make some strength test on the subject and the
make the model replicate these experiments. Then optimizing the
strength paramters of the muscles to make the best match, but this
solution is obviously not straight forward to do.

If you would like to model different persons you will have to
customize it for each person, that is correct. This is done by
adjusting the segment lengths in the AnyMan.any file. The segment
lengths are in general the length from joint to joint. The pelvis
width is the distances between the hipjoints. Unfortunately i can
not provide much help on how to do the measurement, i guess you
would use a simpel tape measure. There is a new book by Serge van
Sint Jan, without having seen it, i think it migth be usefull for
this purpose. The title is:

Color atlas of skeletal landmark definitions : guidelines for
reproducible manual and virtual palpation

here is a link
http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780443103155

Best regards
Søren, AnyBody Support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Soren,
>
> Thanks for the help. It seem to be moving fine. Regarding the
> StrengthParameters, how do i know that the Strength indexLeg is
> correct and what value should i set for SpecificMuscleTensionSpine
> and SpecificMuscleTensionShoulderArm.
>
> Actually I wanted to use this model for different subjects, but i
> guess i must customize each model for different subject right?
This
> movement of this model was actually done by me. If I wish to do a
> female athlete, I must amend the Segment Length in AnyMan.any or
use
> AnyArne.any right? I just wish to check for the ThinghLength,
> ShankLength and FootLength and PelvisWidth, how should the
> measurement be taken? So that i can get a more accurate
SegmentLength.
>
> Thank you.
>
> Best Regards
>
> Eugene
>
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Eugene
> >
> > I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by making
> > changes to the following files
> >
> > JointAndDrivers.any
> > Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D model.
> > I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able to
> apply
> > drivers on the knees.
> > Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the ankles
> > sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.
> >
> >
> > KitVaughanMakers.any
> > I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit upward
> >
> > AnyMan.any
> > The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit
> >
> > MyLanding2L.Main.any
> > Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
> > Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is being
used.
> >
> > I will upload the model shortly
> >
> > After having seen the motion i think the problem of the
illiopsoas
> > muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde” of
the
> > cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may
require
> > more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to make
the
> > cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the
cylinder
> > edge is avoided.
> >
> > This can be done in the file
> > Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by
> multiplying
> > the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using the
> > other muscle model this should also be done in that root file.
> >
> >
> > For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by
adjusting
> > this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If your
> > subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The reason
> why
> > the leg is different from the other body parts is that in the
legs
> > we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in the
other
> > body parts we use PSCA * Stress.
> >
> > I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!
> >
> > Best regards
> > Søren , AnyBody support
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Soren,
> > >
> > > I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single
leg
> > > landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in Gait3D.
I
> > > still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers. I
> try
> > > the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For
the
> > > iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to
about
> > 130
> > > before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my
> > model. I
> > > also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to
measure
> > the
> > > joint force.
> > >
> > > For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to be
> set?
> > I
> > > understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and
the
> > index
> > > at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type consider
my
> > > experiment subject is an athlete.
> > >
> > > Thank you.
> > >
> > > Regards
> > > Eugene Yang
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Eugene
> > > >
> > > > Here are some answers to your questions:
> > > >
> > > > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > > > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X
direction
> of
> > > the
> > > > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh. If
> the
> > > > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due
to
> > > > kinematics other places in the model. If for example the
legs
> > are
> > > > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will
only
> > do
> > > > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions
are “free”.
> > These
> > > > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and the
> > > > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.
> > > >
> > > > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments
lenghts
> > are
> > > > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data
corresponds
> to
> > > the
> > > > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check
is
> > to
> > > > find two markers on the same segment and check the distance
> > between
> > > > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model,
> these
> > > > should match resonable well.
> > > >
> > > > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to
the
> > way
> > > > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring
positions
> > of
> > > > the segments are important. These are controlled through the
> > > > mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any”
file
> > are
> > > > only important for the first kinematic step
> > > >
> > > > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the
previous
> > > > message
> > > >
> > > > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of
the
> > > > model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically a
> > change
> > > > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy is
to
> > > look
> > > > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial positions,
> > > >
> > > > I hope this helps you move on.
> > > >
> > > > Otherwise please write gain.
> > > >
> > > > Best regards
> > > > Søren, AnyBody support
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang”
<eugeneyang40@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > >
> > > > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray
markers
> > are
> > > > what i
> > > > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt
Van.
> > > > Markers. I redo
> > > > > the model again with only the right leg and the then both
> > leg. I
> > > > manage to
> > > > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
> > > > problems. Both of
> > > > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > > > >
> > > > > For the Single Leg:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > > > >
> > > > > For the two leg model:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the
> > drivers.
> > > > >
> > > > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the
> > error
> > > > msg:
> > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
OOSol :
> > OOSol
> > > > exception
> > > > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero pivot.
> > > > >
> > > > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform
scaling.
> > When
> > > i
> > > > applied
> > > > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes very
> > large.
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks
> > > > >
> > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > >
> > > > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
> > tolerance
> > > > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > > > >
> > > > > >Christian:
> > > > > >
> > > > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that
the
> > > > LengthMass
> > > > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform
> scaling.
> > > > But, I
> > > > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass
or
> > > > LengthM
> > > > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > > > >
> > > > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6
> \BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > > > (203) :
> > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
OOSol :
> > > > > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception :
> > Negative
> > > > or
> > > > > >zero pivot
> > > > > >
> > > > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or
negative
> > > fiber
> > > > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot
> figure
> > > out
> > > > the
> > > > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply
different
> > > > scalings.
> > > > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or
LengthMassFat
> > > > scaling.
> > > > > >
> > > > > >Regards,
> > > > > >
> > > > > >John
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > <support@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a look.
It
> > > does
> > > > run but
> > > > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set
on.
> > If
> > > > you
> > > > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > > > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You
made
> > all
> > > > the
> > > > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines
> > between
> > > > the mocap
> > > > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you
have
> a
> > > > scaling
> > > > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the mocap
> > > person.
> > > > I see
> > > > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way
to
> > > scale,
> > > > > > > instead try to use
> > > > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it
helps
> > you
> > > > to move
> > > > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write
> again.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
> > the “Copy
> > > of
> > > > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have
> > problem
> > > > running
> > > > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data
as
> > of
> > > > Gait3D as
> > > > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a
double
> > leg
> > > > squat
> > > > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing
is
> > like
> > > > a single
> > > > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The
> data
> > i
> > > > used was
> > > > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the
squat.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> > > AnyMan.any,
> > > > and
> > > > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still not
> > sure
> > > > how come
> > > > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my
model.
> > The
> > > > axis i
> > > > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys
data.
> > > When
> > > > i
> > > > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test
it
> > have
> > > > a lot of
> > > > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > > <support@>
> > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on
how
> > you
> > > > track your
> > > > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How
> does
> > it
> > > > look when
> > > > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run
it
> > at
> > > > all?
> > > > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to allow
> > some
> > > > tolerance,
> > > > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and
then
> > fix
> > > > it.
> > > > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago.
I
> > went
> > > > through
> > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a
4th
> > yr
> > > > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing
my
> > Final
> > > > Yr
> > > > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as
a
> > start
> > > > to study
> > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position
of
> > Kit
> > > > Vaughan
> > > > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with
> > Qualisys
> > > > and
> > > > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model.
But
> > > when
> > > > i wish
> > > > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error
> tolerance
> > > for
> > > > the
> > > > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this
> problem.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > _________________________________________________________________
> > > > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?
source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

Hi Soren

I have some question which I am not sure how to answer and need your
advise.

For my model, the StrenghtIndexLeg is 1.5, and
SpecificMuscleTensions is currently at 90. You suggest that I should
increan the SpecificMuscleTension by another 45?

How come I cannot make my model follow the markers exactly? since my
model does not follow all the marker exactly, how can I be sure that
my calculation for Knee Reaction force is reasonable. The model is
only constraint to certain axis while the rest are free, why is that
so? And how come I must drive the model in those constraint?

Thank you.

Regards
Eugene

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene
>
> It is difficult to say what the exact number should be for the
> IndexLeg, if your subject was an athlet. If you increase the
> strenght of the legs by a cetain pertcentage i think you should
> increase the SpecificMuscleTensions by the same amount. As i
recall
> the numbers from your model the activty was around 1.6 so
increasing
> by 60% would be a guess. As long that you scale the individual
body
> parts by the same amount the only difference it will make on the
> results is that it will change the activity level. The shape of
the
> curves will remain the same.
>
> The best way to make the model and the subject fit in terms of
> strength, would be to make some strength test on the subject and
the
> make the model replicate these experiments. Then optimizing the
> strength paramters of the muscles to make the best match, but this
> solution is obviously not straight forward to do.
>
> If you would like to model different persons you will have to
> customize it for each person, that is correct. This is done by
> adjusting the segment lengths in the AnyMan.any file. The segment
> lengths are in general the length from joint to joint. The pelvis
> width is the distances between the hipjoints. Unfortunately i can
> not provide much help on how to do the measurement, i guess you
> would use a simpel tape measure. There is a new book by Serge van
> Sint Jan, without having seen it, i think it migth be usefull for
> this purpose. The title is:
>
> Color atlas of skeletal landmark definitions : guidelines for
> reproducible manual and virtual palpation
>
> here is a link
> http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780443103155
>
>
> Best regards
> Søren, AnyBody Support
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Soren,
> >
> > Thanks for the help. It seem to be moving fine. Regarding the
> > StrengthParameters, how do i know that the Strength indexLeg is
> > correct and what value should i set for
SpecificMuscleTensionSpine
> > and SpecificMuscleTensionShoulderArm.
> >
> > Actually I wanted to use this model for different subjects, but
i
> > guess i must customize each model for different subject right?
> This
> > movement of this model was actually done by me. If I wish to do
a
> > female athlete, I must amend the Segment Length in AnyMan.any or
> use
> > AnyArne.any right? I just wish to check for the ThinghLength,
> > ShankLength and FootLength and PelvisWidth, how should the
> > measurement be taken? So that i can get a more accurate
> SegmentLength.
> >
> > Thank you.
> >
> > Best Regards
> >
> > Eugene
> >
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Eugene
> > >
> > > I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by making
> > > changes to the following files
> > >
> > > JointAndDrivers.any
> > > Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D
model.
> > > I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able to
> > apply
> > > drivers on the knees.
> > > Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the
ankles
> > > sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.
> > >
> > >
> > > KitVaughanMakers.any
> > > I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit upward
> > >
> > > AnyMan.any
> > > The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit
> > >
> > > MyLanding2L.Main.any
> > > Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
> > > Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is being
> used.
> > >
> > > I will upload the model shortly
> > >
> > > After having seen the motion i think the problem of the
> illiopsoas
> > > muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde”
of
> the
> > > cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may
> require
> > > more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to
make
> the
> > > cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the
> cylinder
> > > edge is avoided.
> > >
> > > This can be done in the file
> > > Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by
> > multiplying
> > > the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using
the
> > > other muscle model this should also be done in that root file.
> > >
> > >
> > > For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by
> adjusting
> > > this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If your
> > > subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The
reason
> > why
> > > the leg is different from the other body parts is that in the
> legs
> > > we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in the
> other
> > > body parts we use PSCA * Stress.
> > >
> > > I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > > Søren , AnyBody support
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
<eugeneyang40@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Soren,
> > > >
> > > > I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single
> leg
> > > > landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in
Gait3D.
> I
> > > > still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers.
I
> > try
> > > > the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For
> the
> > > > iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to
> about
> > > 130
> > > > before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my
> > > model. I
> > > > also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to
> measure
> > > the
> > > > joint force.
> > > >
> > > > For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to
be
> > set?
> > > I
> > > > understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and
> the
> > > index
> > > > at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type
consider
> my
> > > > experiment subject is an athlete.
> > > >
> > > > Thank you.
> > > >
> > > > Regards
> > > > Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
<support@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > >
> > > > > Here are some answers to your questions:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > > > > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X
> direction
> > of
> > > > the
> > > > > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh.
If
> > the
> > > > > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due
> to
> > > > > kinematics other places in the model. If for example the
> legs
> > > are
> > > > > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will
> only
> > > do
> > > > > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions
> are “free”.
> > > These
> > > > > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and
the
> > > > > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly
driven.
> > > > >
> > > > > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments
> lenghts
> > > are
> > > > > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data
> corresponds
> > to
> > > > the
> > > > > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple
check
> is
> > > to
> > > > > find two markers on the same segment and check the
distance
> > > between
> > > > > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model,
> > these
> > > > > should match resonable well.
> > > > >
> > > > > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due
to
> the
> > > way
> > > > > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring
> positions
> > > of
> > > > > the segments are important. These are controlled through
the
> > > > > mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any”
> file
> > > are
> > > > > only important for the first kinematic step
> > > > >
> > > > > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the
> previous
> > > > > message
> > > > >
> > > > > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of
> the
> > > > > model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically
a
> > > change
> > > > > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy
is
> to
> > > > look
> > > > > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial
positions,
> > > > >
> > > > > I hope this helps you move on.
> > > > >
> > > > > Otherwise please write gain.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best regards
> > > > > Søren, AnyBody support
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang”
> <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray
> markers
> > > are
> > > > > what i
> > > > > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt
> Van.
> > > > > Markers. I redo
> > > > > > the model again with only the right leg and the then
both
> > > leg. I
> > > > > manage to
> > > > > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a
few
> > > > > problems. Both of
> > > > > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For the Single Leg:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For the two leg model:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the
> > > drivers.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show
the
> > > error
> > > > > msg:
> > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> OOSol :
> > > OOSol
> > > > > exception
> > > > > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero
pivot.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform
> scaling.
> > > When
> > > > i
> > > > > applied
> > > > > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes
very
> > > large.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > >
> > > > > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > > > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
> > > tolerance
> > > > > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >Christian:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that
> the
> > > > > LengthMass
> > > > > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform
> > scaling.
> > > > > But, I
> > > > > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to
assFatLengthMass
> or
> > > > > LengthM
> > > > > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6
> > \BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > > > > (203) :
> > > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> OOSol :
> > > > > > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception :
> > > Negative
> > > > > or
> > > > > > >zero pivot
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or
> negative
> > > > fiber
> > > > > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot
> > figure
> > > > out
> > > > > the
> > > > > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply
> different
> > > > > scalings.
> > > > > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or
> LengthMassFat
> > > > > scaling.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >Regards,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >John
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > <support@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a
look.
> It
> > > > does
> > > > > run but
> > > > > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you
set
> on.
> > > If
> > > > > you
> > > > > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > > > > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You
> made
> > > all
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines
> > > between
> > > > > the mocap
> > > > > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you
> have
> > a
> > > > > scaling
> > > > > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the
mocap
> > > > person.
> > > > > I see
> > > > > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good
way
> to
> > > > scale,
> > > > > > > > instead try to use
> > > > > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it
> helps
> > > you
> > > > > to move
> > > > > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write
> > again.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
> > > the “Copy
> > > > of
> > > > > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have
> > > problem
> > > > > running
> > > > > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate
data
> as
> > > of
> > > > > Gait3D as
> > > > > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a
> double
> > > leg
> > > > > squat
> > > > > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The
landing
> is
> > > like
> > > > > a single
> > > > > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side.
The
> > data
> > > i
> > > > > used was
> > > > > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the
> squat.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> > > > AnyMan.any,
> > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still
not
> > > sure
> > > > > how come
> > > > > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my
> model.
> > > The
> > > > > axis i
> > > > > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys
> data.
> > > > When
> > > > > i
> > > > > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics
test
> it
> > > have
> > > > > a lot of
> > > > > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody
Support”
> > > > > <support@>
> > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on
> how
> > > you
> > > > > track your
> > > > > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them.
How
> > does
> > > it
> > > > > look when
> > > > > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot
run
> it
> > > at
> > > > > all?
> > > > > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to
allow
> > > some
> > > > > tolerance,
> > > > > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and
> then
> > > fix
> > > > > it.
> > > > > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks
ago.
> I
> > > went
> > > > > through
> > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently
a
> 4th
> > > yr
> > > > > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing
> my
> > > Final
> > > > > Yr
> > > > > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository
as
> a
> > > start
> > > > > to study
> > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position
> of
> > > Kit
> > > > > Vaughan
> > > > > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with
> > > Qualisys
> > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the
model.
> But
> > > > when
> > > > > i wish
> > > > > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error
> > tolerance
> > > > for
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this
> > problem.
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > >


> > > > > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?
> source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

Hi Eugene

I yes i think you should increase the strengh of the muscle group
with the same amount unless you know that the subject have
particular strong legs compared to the rest of the body.

There can be multiple reason why your model do not follow the
markers exactly. If they should follow exactly there are a number of
things which should be correct:

1 the sizes of the bones
2 the locations of the markers on the segments
3 the kinematics of the joints in the model should be the same as in
the subject, here the primary error source could be the knee joint
since this is modeled as a hinge joint. The ankle joint is similary
made as universal joint. So these joint types are simplified and
this may lead to errors between the markers.
4 if there are any skind artifacts on the markers this may lead to
errors as well, since the markers on the humanmodel are rigidly
connected.

So to improve the model these are the items to look into, and here
the first two are the most obvious to start out with.

The Leg model has in total 18 dof

6 rigid body dof
2x3 in the hips
2x1 in the knee
2x2 in the ankle

This means that you can not drive more dof than these 18 dof, if you
attempt to do so it will make the model overconstrainted and it will
not work kinematically.

This is the exaplanation why only certain dof from each marker can
be used, the number os drivers must add up to 18 no more, no less.

If for example we made use of all makers of the knee instead of the
single one we have now we would need to free up some other dof in
the model.

If the knee is the most important joint in your work it migth be
that it will be posible to replace two of the drivers in the heel
with two driver of the knee. This might make the knee better defined
but it will leave the heel less well defined.

It is difficult to say the motion is good enough, but you may do a
sensitivity analysis on your results using different kinematic
drivers to see how the kinematics influence the forces in the knee.

I hope this helps you move on, otherwise please write again.

Best regards
Søren, AnyBody Support

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Soren
>
> I have some question which I am not sure how to answer and need
your
> advise.
>
> For my model, the StrenghtIndexLeg is 1.5, and
> SpecificMuscleTensions is currently at 90. You suggest that I
should
> increan the SpecificMuscleTension by another 45?
>
> How come I cannot make my model follow the markers exactly? since
my
> model does not follow all the marker exactly, how can I be sure
that
> my calculation for Knee Reaction force is reasonable. The model is
> only constraint to certain axis while the rest are free, why is
that
> so? And how come I must drive the model in those constraint?
>
> Thank you.
>
> Regards
> Eugene
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Eugene
> >
> > It is difficult to say what the exact number should be for the
> > IndexLeg, if your subject was an athlet. If you increase the
> > strenght of the legs by a cetain pertcentage i think you should
> > increase the SpecificMuscleTensions by the same amount. As i
> recall
> > the numbers from your model the activty was around 1.6 so
> increasing
> > by 60% would be a guess. As long that you scale the individual
> body
> > parts by the same amount the only difference it will make on
the
> > results is that it will change the activity level. The shape of
> the
> > curves will remain the same.
> >
> > The best way to make the model and the subject fit in terms of
> > strength, would be to make some strength test on the subject and
> the
> > make the model replicate these experiments. Then optimizing the
> > strength paramters of the muscles to make the best match, but
this
> > solution is obviously not straight forward to do.
> >
> > If you would like to model different persons you will have to
> > customize it for each person, that is correct. This is done by
> > adjusting the segment lengths in the AnyMan.any file. The
segment
> > lengths are in general the length from joint to joint. The
pelvis
> > width is the distances between the hipjoints. Unfortunately i
can
> > not provide much help on how to do the measurement, i guess you
> > would use a simpel tape measure. There is a new book by Serge
van
> > Sint Jan, without having seen it, i think it migth be usefull
for
> > this purpose. The title is:
> >
> > Color atlas of skeletal landmark definitions : guidelines for
> > reproducible manual and virtual palpation
> >
> > here is a link
> > http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780443103155
> >
> >
> > Best regards
> > Søren, AnyBody Support
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Soren,
> > >
> > > Thanks for the help. It seem to be moving fine. Regarding the
> > > StrengthParameters, how do i know that the Strength indexLeg
is
> > > correct and what value should i set for
> SpecificMuscleTensionSpine
> > > and SpecificMuscleTensionShoulderArm.
> > >
> > > Actually I wanted to use this model for different subjects,
but
> i
> > > guess i must customize each model for different subject right?
> > This
> > > movement of this model was actually done by me. If I wish to
do
> a
> > > female athlete, I must amend the Segment Length in AnyMan.any
or
> > use
> > > AnyArne.any right? I just wish to check for the ThinghLength,
> > > ShankLength and FootLength and PelvisWidth, how should the
> > > measurement be taken? So that i can get a more accurate
> > SegmentLength.
> > >
> > > Thank you.
> > >
> > > Best Regards
> > >
> > > Eugene
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Eugene
> > > >
> > > > I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by
making
> > > > changes to the following files
> > > >
> > > > JointAndDrivers.any
> > > > Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D
> model.
> > > > I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able
to
> > > apply
> > > > drivers on the knees.
> > > > Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the
> ankles
> > > > sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > KitVaughanMakers.any
> > > > I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit
upward
> > > >
> > > > AnyMan.any
> > > > The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit
> > > >
> > > > MyLanding2L.Main.any
> > > > Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
> > > > Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is
being
> > used.
> > > >
> > > > I will upload the model shortly
> > > >
> > > > After having seen the motion i think the problem of the
> > illiopsoas
> > > > muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde”
> of
> > the
> > > > cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may
> > require
> > > > more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to
> make
> > the
> > > > cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the
> > cylinder
> > > > edge is avoided.
> > > >
> > > > This can be done in the file
> > > > Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by
> > > multiplying
> > > > the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using
> the
> > > > other muscle model this should also be done in that root
file.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by
> > adjusting
> > > > this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If
your
> > > > subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The
> reason
> > > why
> > > > the leg is different from the other body parts is that in
the
> > legs
> > > > we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in
the
> > other
> > > > body parts we use PSCA * Stress.
> > > >
> > > > I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!
> > > >
> > > > Best regards
> > > > Søren , AnyBody support
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Soren,
> > > > >
> > > > > I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my
single
> > leg
> > > > > landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in
> Gait3D.
> > I
> > > > > still have problem as the knee does not go with the
markers.
> I
> > > try
> > > > > the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work.
For
> > the
> > > > > iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh
to
> > about
> > > > 130
> > > > > before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with
my
> > > > model. I
> > > > > also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to
> > measure
> > > > the
> > > > > joint force.
> > > > >
> > > > > For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to
> be
> > > set?
> > > > I
> > > > > understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2
and
> > the
> > > > index
> > > > > at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type
> consider
> > my
> > > > > experiment subject is an athlete.
> > > > >
> > > > > Thank you.
> > > > >
> > > > > Regards
> > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> <support@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Here are some answers to your questions:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > > > > > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X
> > direction
> > > of
> > > > > the
> > > > > > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the
thigh.
> If
> > > the
> > > > > > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be
due
> > to
> > > > > > kinematics other places in the model. If for example
the
> > legs
> > > > are
> > > > > > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it
will
> > only
> > > > do
> > > > > > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions
> > are “free”.
> > > > These
> > > > > > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and
> the
> > > > > > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly
> driven.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments
> > lenghts
> > > > are
> > > > > > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data
> > corresponds
> > > to
> > > > > the
> > > > > > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple
> check
> > is
> > > > to
> > > > > > find two markers on the same segment and check the
> distance
> > > > between
> > > > > > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the
model,
> > > these
> > > > > > should match resonable well.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due
> to
> > the
> > > > way
> > > > > > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring
> > positions
> > > > of
> > > > > > the segments are important. These are controlled through
> the
> > > > > > mannequin.any file. The angles set in
the “mannequin.any”
> > file
> > > > are
> > > > > > only important for the first kinematic step
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the
> > previous
> > > > > > message
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics
of
> > the
> > > > > > model. If the model is difficult to assemble
kinematically
> a
> > > > change
> > > > > > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the
remedy
> is
> > to
> > > > > look
> > > > > > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial
> positions,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I hope this helps you move on.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Otherwise please write gain.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > Søren, AnyBody support
> > > > > >
> > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang”
> > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray
> > markers
> > > > are
> > > > > > what i
> > > > > > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in
Kt
> > Van.
> > > > > > Markers. I redo
> > > > > > > the model again with only the right leg and the then
> both
> > > > leg. I
> > > > > > manage to
> > > > > > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a
> few
> > > > > > problems. Both of
> > > > > > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > For the Single Leg:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > For the two leg model:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set
the
> > > > drivers.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show
> the
> > > > error
> > > > > > msg:
> > > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> > OOSol :
> > > > OOSol
> > > > > > exception
> > > > > > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero
> pivot.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform
> > scaling.
> > > > When
> > > > > i
> > > > > > applied
> > > > > > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes
> very
> > > > large.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Thanks
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > > > > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
> > > > tolerance
> > > > > > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >Christian:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand
that
> > the
> > > > > > LengthMass
> > > > > > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform
> > > scaling.
> > > > > > But, I
> > > > > > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to
> assFatLengthMass
> > or
> > > > > > LengthM
> > > > > > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6
> > > \BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > > > > > (203) :
> > > > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> > OOSol :
> > > > > > > > OOSol exception : General factorization
exception :
> > > > Negative
> > > > > > or
> > > > > > > >zero pivot
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or
> > negative
> > > > > fiber
> > > > > > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I
cannot
> > > figure
> > > > > out
> > > > > > the
> > > > > > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply
> > different
> > > > > > scalings.
> > > > > > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or
> > LengthMassFat
> > > > > > scaling.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >Regards,
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >John
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > > <support@>
> > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a
> look.
> > It
> > > > > does
> > > > > > run but
> > > > > > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you
> set
> > on.
> > > > If
> > > > > > you
> > > > > > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > > > > > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap.
You
> > made
> > > > all
> > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made
lines
> > > > between
> > > > > > the mocap
> > > > > > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like
you
> > have
> > > a
> > > > > > scaling
> > > > > > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the
> mocap
> > > > > person.
> > > > > > I see
> > > > > > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good
> way
> > to
> > > > > scale,
> > > > > > > > > instead try to use
> > > > > > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it
> > helps
> > > > you
> > > > > > to move
> > > > > > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to
write
> > > again.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
> > > > the “Copy
> > > > > of
> > > > > > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still
have
> > > > problem
> > > > > > running
> > > > > > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate
> data
> > as
> > > > of
> > > > > > Gait3D as
> > > > > > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a
> > double
> > > > leg
> > > > > > squat
> > > > > > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The
> landing
> > is
> > > > like
> > > > > > a single
> > > > > > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side.
> The
> > > data
> > > > i
> > > > > > used was
> > > > > > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the
> > squat.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> > > > > AnyMan.any,
> > > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still
> not
> > > > sure
> > > > > > how come
> > > > > > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my
> > model.
> > > > The
> > > > > > axis i
> > > > > > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my
qualisys
> > data.
> > > > > When
> > > > > > i
> > > > > > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics
> test
> > it
> > > > have
> > > > > > a lot of
> > > > > > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody
> Support”
> > > > > > <support@>
> > > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends
on
> > how
> > > > you
> > > > > > track your
> > > > > > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them.
> How
> > > does
> > > > it
> > > > > > look when
> > > > > > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot
> run
> > it
> > > > at
> > > > > > all?
> > > > > > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to
> allow
> > > > some
> > > > > > tolerance,
> > > > > > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is
and
> > then
> > > > fix
> > > > > > it.
> > > > > > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > — In
anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks
> ago.
> > I
> > > > went
> > > > > > through
> > > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am
currently
> a
> > 4th
> > > > yr
> > > > > > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m
doing
> > my
> > > > Final
> > > > > > Yr
> > > > > > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository
> as
> > a
> > > > start
> > > > > > to study
> > > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers
position
> > of
> > > > Kit
> > > > > > Vaughan
> > > > > > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture
with
> > > > Qualisys
> > > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the
> model.
> > But
> > > > > when
> > > > > > i wish
> > > > > > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error
> > > tolerance
> > > > > for
> > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this
> > > problem.
> > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > >
> _________________________________________________________________
> > > > > > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?
> > source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene
>
> It is difficult to say what the exact number should be for the
> IndexLeg, if your subject was an athlet. If you increase the
> strenght of the legs by a cetain pertcentage i think you should
> increase the SpecificMuscleTensions by the same amount. As i recall
> the numbers from your model the activty was around 1.6 so
increasing
> by 60% would be a guess. As long that you scale the individual body
> parts by the same amount the only difference it will make on the
> results is that it will change the activity level. The shape of the
> curves will remain the same.
>
> The best way to make the model and the subject fit in terms of
> strength, would be to make some strength test on the subject and
the
> make the model replicate these experiments. Then optimizing the
> strength paramters of the muscles to make the best match, but this
> solution is obviously not straight forward to do.
>
> If you would like to model different persons you will have to
> customize it for each person, that is correct. This is done by
> adjusting the segment lengths in the AnyMan.any file. The segment
> lengths are in general the length from joint to joint. The pelvis
> width is the distances between the hipjoints. Unfortunately i can
> not provide much help on how to do the measurement, i guess you
> would use a simpel tape measure. There is a new book by Serge van
> Sint Jan, without having seen it, i think it migth be usefull for
> this purpose. The title is:
>
> Color atlas of skeletal landmark definitions : guidelines for
> reproducible manual and virtual palpation
>
> here is a link
> http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780443103155
>
>
> Best regards
> Søren, AnyBody Support
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Soren,
> >
> > Thanks for the help. It seem to be moving fine. Regarding the
> > StrengthParameters, how do i know that the Strength indexLeg is
> > correct and what value should i set for
SpecificMuscleTensionSpine
> > and SpecificMuscleTensionShoulderArm.
> >
> > Actually I wanted to use this model for different subjects, but i
> > guess i must customize each model for different subject right?
> This
> > movement of this model was actually done by me. If I wish to do a
> > female athlete, I must amend the Segment Length in AnyMan.any or
> use
> > AnyArne.any right? I just wish to check for the ThinghLength,
> > ShankLength and FootLength and PelvisWidth, how should the
> > measurement be taken? So that i can get a more accurate
> SegmentLength.
> >
> > Thank you.
> >
> > Best Regards
> >
> > Eugene
> >
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Eugene
> > >
> > > I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by making
> > > changes to the following files
> > >
> > > JointAndDrivers.any
> > > Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D model.
> > > I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able to
> > apply
> > > drivers on the knees.
> > > Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the ankles
> > > sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.
> > >
> > >
> > > KitVaughanMakers.any
> > > I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit upward
> > >
> > > AnyMan.any
> > > The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit
> > >
> > > MyLanding2L.Main.any
> > > Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
> > > Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is being
> used.
> > >
> > > I will upload the model shortly
> > >
> > > After having seen the motion i think the problem of the
> illiopsoas
> > > muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde” of
> the
> > > cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may
> require
> > > more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to make
> the
> > > cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the
> cylinder
> > > edge is avoided.
> > >
> > > This can be done in the file
> > > Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by
> > multiplying
> > > the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using the
> > > other muscle model this should also be done in that root file.
> > >
> > >
> > > For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by
> adjusting
> > > this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If your
> > > subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The
reason
> > why
> > > the leg is different from the other body parts is that in the
> legs
> > > we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in the
> other
> > > body parts we use PSCA * Stress.
> > >
> > > I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > > Søren , AnyBody support
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
<eugeneyang40@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Soren,
> > > >
> > > > I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single
> leg
> > > > landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in
Gait3D.
> I
> > > > still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers.
I
> > try
> > > > the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For
> the
> > > > iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to
> about
> > > 130
> > > > before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my
> > > model. I
> > > > also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to
> measure
> > > the
> > > > joint force.
> > > >
> > > > For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to be
> > set?
> > > I
> > > > understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and
> the
> > > index
> > > > at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type consider
> my
> > > > experiment subject is an athlete.
> > > >
> > > > Thank you.
> > > >
> > > > Regards
> > > > Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
<support@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > >
> > > > > Here are some answers to your questions:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > > > > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X
> direction
> > of
> > > > the
> > > > > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh.
If
> > the
> > > > > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due
> to
> > > > > kinematics other places in the model. If for example the
> legs
> > > are
> > > > > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will
> only
> > > do
> > > > > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions
> are “free”.
> > > These
> > > > > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and
the
> > > > > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.
> > > > >
> > > > > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments
> lenghts
> > > are
> > > > > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data
> corresponds
> > to
> > > > the
> > > > > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check
> is
> > > to
> > > > > find two markers on the same segment and check the distance
> > > between
> > > > > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model,
> > these
> > > > > should match resonable well.
> > > > >
> > > > > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to
> the
> > > way
> > > > > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring
> positions
> > > of
> > > > > the segments are important. These are controlled through
the
> > > > > mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any”
> file
> > > are
> > > > > only important for the first kinematic step
> > > > >
> > > > > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the
> previous
> > > > > message
> > > > >
> > > > > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of
> the
> > > > > model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically
a
> > > change
> > > > > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy
is
> to
> > > > look
> > > > > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial
positions,
> > > > >
> > > > > I hope this helps you move on.
> > > > >
> > > > > Otherwise please write gain.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best regards
> > > > > Søren, AnyBody support
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang”
> <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray
> markers
> > > are
> > > > > what i
> > > > > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt
> Van.
> > > > > Markers. I redo
> > > > > > the model again with only the right leg and the then both
> > > leg. I
> > > > > manage to
> > > > > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
> > > > > problems. Both of
> > > > > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For the Single Leg:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For the two leg model:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the
> > > drivers.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the
> > > error
> > > > > msg:
> > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> OOSol :
> > > OOSol
> > > > > exception
> > > > > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero
pivot.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform
> scaling.
> > > When
> > > > i
> > > > > applied
> > > > > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes
very
> > > large.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > >
> > > > > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > > > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
> > > tolerance
> > > > > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >Christian:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that
> the
> > > > > LengthMass
> > > > > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform
> > scaling.
> > > > > But, I
> > > > > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass
> or
> > > > > LengthM
> > > > > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6
> > \BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > > > > (203) :
> > > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> OOSol :
> > > > > > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception :
> > > Negative
> > > > > or
> > > > > > >zero pivot
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or
> negative
> > > > fiber
> > > > > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot
> > figure
> > > > out
> > > > > the
> > > > > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply
> different
> > > > > scalings.
> > > > > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or
> LengthMassFat
> > > > > scaling.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >Regards,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >John
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > <support@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a
look.
> It
> > > > does
> > > > > run but
> > > > > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set
> on.
> > > If
> > > > > you
> > > > > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > > > > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You
> made
> > > all
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines
> > > between
> > > > > the mocap
> > > > > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you
> have
> > a
> > > > > scaling
> > > > > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the
mocap
> > > > person.
> > > > > I see
> > > > > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way
> to
> > > > scale,
> > > > > > > > instead try to use
> > > > > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it
> helps
> > > you
> > > > > to move
> > > > > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write
> > again.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
> > > the “Copy
> > > > of
> > > > > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have
> > > problem
> > > > > running
> > > > > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data
> as
> > > of
> > > > > Gait3D as
> > > > > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a
> double
> > > leg
> > > > > squat
> > > > > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing
> is
> > > like
> > > > > a single
> > > > > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The
> > data
> > > i
> > > > > used was
> > > > > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the
> squat.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> > > > AnyMan.any,
> > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still
not
> > > sure
> > > > > how come
> > > > > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my
> model.
> > > The
> > > > > axis i
> > > > > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys
> data.
> > > > When
> > > > > i
> > > > > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test
> it
> > > have
> > > > > a lot of
> > > > > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > > > <support@>
> > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on
> how
> > > you
> > > > > track your
> > > > > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How
> > does
> > > it
> > > > > look when
> > > > > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run
> it
> > > at
> > > > > all?
> > > > > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to
allow
> > > some
> > > > > tolerance,
> > > > > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and
> then
> > > fix
> > > > > it.
> > > > > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago.
> I
> > > went
> > > > > through
> > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a
> 4th
> > > yr
> > > > > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing
> my
> > > Final
> > > > > Yr
> > > > > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as
> a
> > > start
> > > > > to study
> > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position
> of
> > > Kit
> > > > > Vaughan
> > > > > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with
> > > Qualisys
> > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model.
> But
> > > > when
> > > > > i wish
> > > > > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error
> > tolerance
> > > > for
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this
> > problem.
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > >


> > > > > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?
> source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>

Hi Soren,

Thanks for the previous advised.

I did another capture last week and try to input the data into my
model. I have upload the lastest file in the Landing Gait folder.
After doing all the scaling, I am still unable to run the model. I’m
not sure what went wrong since this is the same program use to run
the previous model. Even by adjusting the drivers I still face a lot
of kinematics error. Could the problem be due to my force plate data
and the Center of pressure or the markers coordinates?

Another question, I used AnyForceMomentMeasure to measure the joint
forces of the knee and ankle. But i realised that the joint force
obtain were very large ( about 20000N). Which could not be the case
as sure force is too great for the knee to withstand. Is the method i
used to measure the knee joint force correect?

Sorry for the trouble.

Regards
Eugene

— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@…>
wrote:
>
> Hi Eugene
>
> It is difficult to say what the exact number should be for the
> IndexLeg, if your subject was an athlet. If you increase the
> strenght of the legs by a cetain pertcentage i think you should
> increase the SpecificMuscleTensions by the same amount. As i recall
> the numbers from your model the activty was around 1.6 so
increasing
> by 60% would be a guess. As long that you scale the individual body
> parts by the same amount the only difference it will make on the
> results is that it will change the activity level. The shape of the
> curves will remain the same.
>
> The best way to make the model and the subject fit in terms of
> strength, would be to make some strength test on the subject and
the
> make the model replicate these experiments. Then optimizing the
> strength paramters of the muscles to make the best match, but this
> solution is obviously not straight forward to do.
>
> If you would like to model different persons you will have to
> customize it for each person, that is correct. This is done by
> adjusting the segment lengths in the AnyMan.any file. The segment
> lengths are in general the length from joint to joint. The pelvis
> width is the distances between the hipjoints. Unfortunately i can
> not provide much help on how to do the measurement, i guess you
> would use a simpel tape measure. There is a new book by Serge van
> Sint Jan, without having seen it, i think it migth be usefull for
> this purpose. The title is:
>
> Color atlas of skeletal landmark definitions : guidelines for
> reproducible manual and virtual palpation
>
> here is a link
> http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780443103155
>
>
> Best regards
> Søren, AnyBody Support
>
>
> — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40” <eugeneyang40@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Soren,
> >
> > Thanks for the help. It seem to be moving fine. Regarding the
> > StrengthParameters, how do i know that the Strength indexLeg is
> > correct and what value should i set for
SpecificMuscleTensionSpine
> > and SpecificMuscleTensionShoulderArm.
> >
> > Actually I wanted to use this model for different subjects, but i
> > guess i must customize each model for different subject right?
> This
> > movement of this model was actually done by me. If I wish to do a
> > female athlete, I must amend the Segment Length in AnyMan.any or
> use
> > AnyArne.any right? I just wish to check for the ThinghLength,
> > ShankLength and FootLength and PelvisWidth, how should the
> > measurement be taken? So that i can get a more accurate
> SegmentLength.
> >
> > Thank you.
> >
> > Best Regards
> >
> > Eugene
> >
> >
> >
> > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support” <support@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Eugene
> > >
> > > I have tried to improve the kinematics of your model by making
> > > changes to the following files
> > >
> > > JointAndDrivers.any
> > > Here the drivers setup now more like the original Gait3D model.
> > > I had to free up drivers on the pelvis in order to be able to
> > apply
> > > drivers on the knees.
> > > Added a reaction forces on the Eversion/inversion of the ankles
> > > sometimes the msucles have a problem carrying this dof.
> > >
> > >
> > > KitVaughanMakers.any
> > > I have move the markers of the Asis and the sacrum a bit upward
> > >
> > > AnyMan.any
> > > The segment lenghts have been shortened a bit
> > >
> > > MyLanding2L.Main.any
> > > Changed the scaling to be LengthMassFat
> > > Outcommented the KinematicTol so that the default one is being
> used.
> > >
> > > I will upload the model shortly
> > >
> > > After having seen the motion i think the problem of the
> illiopsoas
> > > muscles is the that the muscle is wrapping on the “end-egde” of
> the
> > > cylinder. This can cause problems for the algorithm and may
> require
> > > more points like you have noticed. A better solution is to make
> the
> > > cylinder a bit longer so that the muscle wrapping on the
> cylinder
> > > edge is avoided.
> > >
> > > This can be done in the file
> > > Leg.Root.any in the folder named “pecent_ossis_pubis” by
> > multiplying
> > > the "Length " property by a factor of two. If you are using the
> > > other muscle model this should also be done in that root file.
> > >
> > >
> > > For the Leg model only the index variable is relevant, by
> adjusting
> > > this you can increase the strength of the leg muscles. If your
> > > subject was an athlete the index should be increased. The
reason
> > why
> > > the leg is different from the other body parts is that in the
> legs
> > > we have the strengh given directly as a number whereas in the
> other
> > > body parts we use PSCA * Stress.
> > >
> > > I hope this helsp you move on, it is a really nice model!
> > >
> > > Best regards
> > > Søren , AnyBody support
> > >
> > >
> > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
<eugeneyang40@>
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Hi Soren,
> > > >
> > > > I had attached a new folder name “Landing Gait” of my single
> leg
> > > > landing model. I did not use the same constraint as in
Gait3D.
> I
> > > > still have problem as the knee does not go with the markers.
I
> > try
> > > > the amendment you advised but it does not seem to work. For
> the
> > > > iliopsoas muscle,I got to increase the SPLine.StringMesh to
> about
> > > 130
> > > > before my model can work. I not sure what went wrong with my
> > > model. I
> > > > also included AnyReactionForce for the Knee and ankle to
> measure
> > > the
> > > > joint force.
> > > >
> > > > For the muscle strength, what will be an accurate value to be
> > set?
> > > I
> > > > understand from the tutorial that it is set at 90 N/cm2 and
> the
> > > index
> > > > at 1. I not sure does this differ for different type consider
> my
> > > > experiment subject is an athlete.
> > > >
> > > > Thank you.
> > > >
> > > > Regards
> > > > Eugene Yang
> > > >
> > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
<support@>
> > > > wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > >
> > > > > Here are some answers to your questions:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1 If you have not done modifications to the original
> > > > > JointAndDriver.any file the knee is driven in the X
> direction
> > of
> > > > the
> > > > > thigh. This direction is posterior/anterior on the thigh.
If
> > the
> > > > > knee markers do not follow the markers, this can be be due
> to
> > > > > kinematics other places in the model. If for example the
> legs
> > > are
> > > > > too long the knee will not follow the knee marker, it will
> only
> > > do
> > > > > this for the x dierection, the y and z directions
> are “free”.
> > > These
> > > > > are determined by the other markers, the human joint and
the
> > > > > segments lengths. In other words they are indirectly driven.
> > > > >
> > > > > So i think you should closely evaluate if the segments
> lenghts
> > > are
> > > > > ok, and if the marker locations used in your data
> corresponds
> > to
> > > > the
> > > > > actual location of the markers in the model. A simple check
> is
> > > to
> > > > > find two markers on the same segment and check the distance
> > > between
> > > > > these markers in the recorded mocap data and on the model,
> > these
> > > > > should match resonable well.
> > > > >
> > > > > Another issue is the starting position of the model, due to
> the
> > > way
> > > > > it is driven with closed kinematic chains the staring
> positions
> > > of
> > > > > the segments are important. These are controlled through
the
> > > > > mannequin.any file. The angles set in the “mannequin.any”
> file
> > > are
> > > > > only important for the first kinematic step
> > > > >
> > > > > 2: Please see the respond just posted on group in the
> previous
> > > > > message
> > > > >
> > > > > 3: The different scaling laws may change the kinematics of
> the
> > > > > model. If the model is difficult to assemble kinematically
a
> > > change
> > > > > in the scaling law may cause it to fail. Again the remedy
is
> to
> > > > look
> > > > > at segment lengths, marker locations, and initial
positions,
> > > > >
> > > > > I hope this helps you move on.
> > > > >
> > > > > Otherwise please write gain.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best regards
> > > > > Søren, AnyBody support
> > > > >
> > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugene yang”
> <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thank for your previous suggestion. Correct the gray
> markers
> > > are
> > > > > what i
> > > > > > obtain using MOCAP and the blue are those specify in Kt
> Van.
> > > > > Markers. I redo
> > > > > > the model again with only the right leg and the then both
> > > leg. I
> > > > > manage to
> > > > > > run the model at Kinematic Tol of 0.005. But I face a few
> > > > > problems. Both of
> > > > > > them i used uniform scaling.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For the Single Leg:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) The Knee movement does not follow the knee markers
> > > > > >
> > > > > > For the two leg model:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1) The Knee does not follow the markers after I set the
> > > drivers.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 2) I was unable to run the model with muslce. It show the
> > > error
> > > > > msg:
> > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> OOSol :
> > > OOSol
> > > > > exception
> > > > > > : General factorization exception : Negative or zero
pivot.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 3) I can only run the no muscle model with uniform
> scaling.
> > > When
> > > > i
> > > > > applied
> > > > > > the LengthMass Fat Scaling my kinematic error becomes
very
> > > large.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > >
> > > > > > >From: “johnzengwu” <jwu@>
> > > > > > >Reply-To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > >To: anyscript@yahoogroups.com
> > > > > > >Subject: [AnyScript] Re: Introduction and above Error
> > > tolerance
> > > > > > >Date: Mon, 02 Jul 2007 19:22:43 -0000
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >Christian:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >I have a question about the scaling. I understand that
> the
> > > > > LengthMass
> > > > > > >or LengthMassFat is more reasonable than the Uniform
> > scaling.
> > > > > But, I
> > > > > > >got problem when switch from Uniform to assFatLengthMass
> or
> > > > > LengthM
> > > > > > >scaling. I got error messages:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >C:\My_document\AnyBody\Repository.6
> > \BRep\Aalborg\Leg3D\Mus.any
> > > > > (203) :
> > > > > > > Iliopsoas : Unexpected exception in the library
> OOSol :
> > > > > > > OOSol exception : General factorization exception :
> > > Negative
> > > > > or
> > > > > > >zero pivot
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >It seems that muscle Iliopsoas has zero strength or
> negative
> > > > fiber
> > > > > > >length. My model works OK in uniform scaling. I cannot
> > figure
> > > > out
> > > > > the
> > > > > > >problem. I have tried your sample Gait3D to apply
> different
> > > > > scalings.
> > > > > > >It also does not work by using LengthMass or
> LengthMassFat
> > > > > scaling.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >Regards,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >John
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >— In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > <support@>
> > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Hi Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Thanks for the model. I downloaded it and took a
look.
> It
> > > > does
> > > > > run but
> > > > > > > > do not move because of the large kinematicTol you set
> on.
> > > If
> > > > > you
> > > > > > > > change the kinematicTol to 0.0005 you can run
> > > > > SetInitialConditions and
> > > > > > > > you can see which markers that does not overlap. You
> made
> > > all
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > > measured markers gray right? and some you made lines
> > > between
> > > > > the mocap
> > > > > > > > and the Kit Vaughan markers. It could look like you
> have
> > a
> > > > > scaling
> > > > > > > > problem, seems like your model i bigger then the
mocap
> > > > person.
> > > > > I see
> > > > > > > > you are using uniform scaling, this is not a good way
> to
> > > > scale,
> > > > > > > > instead try to use
> > > > > BRep\Aalborg\Scaling\ScalingLengthMassFat.any which
> > > > > > > > scales the model to a height and a weight. Hope it
> helps
> > > you
> > > > > to move
> > > > > > > > one step further, else you are very welcome to write
> > again.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > <eugeneyang40@> wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Hi Christian,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Thanks for the advise. I have attached a copy of
> > > the “Copy
> > > > of
> > > > > > > > > Gait3D” i edited in the file section. I still have
> > > problem
> > > > > running
> > > > > > > > > the kinematic analysis. I used the force plate data
> as
> > > of
> > > > > Gait3D as
> > > > > > > > > my forceplate was not working during the MOCAP.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > The single landing move is as follows: It from a
> double
> > > leg
> > > > > squat
> > > > > > > > > jump and then landing on the right leg. The landing
> is
> > > like
> > > > > a single
> > > > > > > > > leg squat and the left leg is kept to the side. The
> > data
> > > i
> > > > > used was
> > > > > > > > > when the right foot touches the ground till the
> squat.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > I changed the scaling to AnyArne.any instead of
> > > > AnyMan.any,
> > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > removed all the forceplate2 data. But I am still
not
> > > sure
> > > > > how come
> > > > > > > > > my error is still so large and i cannot run my
> model.
> > > The
> > > > > axis i
> > > > > > > > > used is similar to that of Gait3D for my qualisys
> data.
> > > > When
> > > > > i
> > > > > > > > > include muscle to the model and run kinematics test
> it
> > > have
> > > > > a lot of
> > > > > > > > > error regarding the muscle length.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > My apology for my poor knowledge in Anybody.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Best Regards,
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “AnyBody Support”
> > > > > <support@>
> > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Hi Eugene
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Welcome to the group.
> > > > > > > > > > Your project sounds interesting. Well depends on
> how
> > > you
> > > > > track your
> > > > > > > > > > markers and in what direction you track them. How
> > does
> > > it
> > > > > look when
> > > > > > > > > > you run the kinematic analysis? or you cannot run
> it
> > > at
> > > > > all?
> > > > > > > > > > you can add a “KinematicTol” in the study to
allow
> > > some
> > > > > tolerance,
> > > > > > > > > > then you can maybe see where the problem is and
> then
> > > fix
> > > > > it.
> > > > > > > > > > Hope it helped a bit?
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Best regards
> > > > > > > > > > Christian, AnyBody Support
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > — In anyscript@yahoogroups.com, “eugeneyang40”
> > > > > <eugeneyang40@>
> > > > > > > > > wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Hi all,
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > I just started using Anybody about 2 weeks ago.
> I
> > > went
> > > > > through
> > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > whole set of tutorial already. I am currently a
> 4th
> > > yr
> > > > > > > > > undergraduate at
> > > > > > > > > > > Nanyang Technological University and i’m doing
> my
> > > Final
> > > > > Yr
> > > > > > > > > Project on
> > > > > > > > > > > Single leg landing.
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > I decide to use the Gait3D in the Repository as
> a
> > > start
> > > > > to study
> > > > > > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > > > Knee Joint Force. Base on the Markers position
> of
> > > Kit
> > > > > Vaughan
> > > > > > > > > Markers
> > > > > > > > > > > as use in Gait3D, I did a Motion Capture with
> > > Qualisys
> > > > > and
> > > > > > > > > subsitute
> > > > > > > > > > > the P1 to P15 file. I manage to load the model.
> But
> > > > when
> > > > > i wish
> > > > > > > > > to run
> > > > > > > > > > > kinematic analysis, it showing above error
> > tolerance
> > > > for
> > > > > the
> > > > > > > > > joint
> > > > > > > > > > > constraints. May I know how can i solve this
> > problem.
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > Best Regards
> > > > > > > > > > > Eugene Yang
> > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > >


> > > > > > http://im.live.com/messenger/im/home/?
> source=hmtextlinkjuly07
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > >
> >
>